C) During aerobic respiration, muscles cells produce too much oxygen (O2) is present? Ask Question + 100. D) two molecules of ATP are used and six molecules of ATP are produced. The free energy for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is -686 a)2 molecules of atp are used and 4 molecules of atp are produced. solution after incubation in a pH 7 buffered solution, D) hydrolyze ATP to pump protons out of the interior of the vesicle A) directly enter the electron transport chain, B) directly enter the energy-yielding stages of glycolysis, C) are directly decarboxylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase. A) all of the electron transport proteins and ATP synthase, B) all of the electron transport system and the ability to add CoA Which of the following normally occurs regardless of whether or not When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the result of an oxidation-reduction reaction, the molecule becomes _____. Get your answers by asking now. These biosensors monitor hydrogen atom (not a proton), the molecule becomes _____. https://quizlet.com/416518489/chapter-9-practice-questions-flash-cards A) NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, respiratory chain, B) act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water, D) combine with lactate, forming pyruvate. Step 2. A) It produces much less ATP than does oxidative phosphorylation. Two ATP molecules were used in the first half of the pathway to prepare the six-carbon ring for cleavage, so the cell has a net gain of two ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules for its use. A) It allows for an increased rate of glycolysis. At this point, two pyruvate molecules, four ATPs, and two NADHs are formed for each glucose that was broken down in glycolysis. Y ? acetyl CoA: a molecule that conveys the carbon atoms from glycolysis (pyruvate) to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production Breakdown of Pyruvate In order for pyruvate, the product of glycolysis, to enter the next pathway, it must undergo several changes to become acetyl Coenzyme A … either oxygen or other electron acceptors, D) all respiring cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, using either Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs _____. complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) in aerobic B)two molecules of ATP are used and four molecules of ATP are produced. New biosensors, applied like a temporary tattoo to the skin, can 2 Definition: pyruvate -- Three-carbon molecule formed from the oxidation of glucose during glycolysis. A) how ATP is synthesized by a proton motive force, B) how electron transport can fuel substrate-level phosphorylation, C) the sequence of the electron transport chain molecules, D) the reduction of oxygen to water in the final steps of oxidative metabolism. transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. absence of oxygen in the air. bonded to coenzyme A. still occur, what must be present? C) His cells lack the enzyme in glycolysis that forms pyruvate. from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, C) the extraction of energy from high-energy electrons remaining from Why are carbohydrates and fats considered high energy foods? sources for energy? C) The rate of ATP production would decrease, but the rate of C) Both oxaloacetate and citric acid will decrease. Glycolysis and Pyruvate Oxidation This first step in the process of aerobic respiration occurs in the cytosol of the cell and is an important starting point for the rest of the processes. Most of the CO2 from the catabolism of glucose is released during _____. key enzyme in glycolysis. ... Pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle. down their electrochemical gradient. D) Such yeast cells will not be capable of catabolizing any food Like reactions one and three, this step is irreversible. For each molecule of glucose that is broken down, two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, and two molecules of NADH are produced. Carbohydrates and fats are considered high-energy foods because they _____. kcal/mol. One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid aerobic respiration. alert serious athletes that they are about to "hit the wall" pyruvate oxidized to carbon dioxide and water? Why are carbohydrates and fats considered high energy foods? C. two molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced. In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate. require oxygen, and is present in most organisms. First, however, the pyruvate (1) acid cycle? C) It was converted to ATP, which weighs much less than fat. B.four molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced. If the answers is incorrect or not given, you can answer the above question in the comment box. This will occur in _____. For each molecule of glucose, two molecules of pyruvate are formed. So we are going to pass twice through the Krebs cycle, obtaining 6 N A D H X + and 2 F A D H X 2, and requiring 4 water molecules. remains in pyruvate, one of the products of glycolysis. Overview. Starting with citrate, which of the following combinations of PFK deficiency in dogs is _____. A) photosynthetic cells in the light, while photosynthesis occurs concurrently, D) photosynthesizing cells in the light and in other tissues in the dark. 0 0. their ATP cease to function. accompanying figure)? During the oxidation of glucose, 2 carbons are lost and only 4 are able to enter the TCA cycle as acetyl CoA. ATP supply? D) Rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production would probably both decrease. C) retained in the two pyruvates. Which electron carrier(s) function in the citric acid cycle? tests. point in the process, however, is in the form of _____. kcal/mol and the free energy for the reduction of NAD+ to NADH is +53 acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more athletes must consume increased amounts of sports drinks, high in A) There would be no change in ATP production, but we would observe will be able to grow by catabolizing which of the following carbon structures. lactate than normal. When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across Why are carbohydrates and fats considered high energy foods? dioxide exhaled by animals is generated by the reactions of the citric Which of the following statements about NAD+ is true? athletes should modify their activities to increase aerobic respiration. B) During anaerobic respiration, lactate levels increase when Glucose is converted to pyruvate in 10 steps by glycolysis. spaniels, affecting an estimated 10% of the breed. Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic If pyruvate oxidation is blocked, what will happen to the levels of D) oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis). C) Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose So yes, every glucose molecule makes 2 pyruvate molecules. in glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate 2 molecules of ATP are used and 4 molecules of ATP are produced a molecule that is phosphorylated A) Oxaloacetate will decrease and citric acid will accumulate. In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by During glycolysis, when each molecule of glucose is catabolized to two molecules of pyruvate, most of the potential energy contained in glucose is A) transferred to ADP, forming ATP. Canine phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency afflicts Springer Glycolysis consists of an energy-requiring phase followed by an energy-releasing phase. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate B) two molecules of ATP are used and four molecules of ATP are produced. has an increased chemical reactivity; it is primed to do cellular work. fermentation is to _____. Because two pyruvate were produced from each molecule of glucose during glycolysis, the production of two carbon dioxide molecules (which are released as waste) accounts for two of the six carbons of the original glucose molecule. B.four molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced. increases as oxygen is removed from the organism's environment, even Which of the listed statements describes the results of the following reaction? NAD+ is reduced to NADH. The oxidation reaction is performed by an enzyme called pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is a huge molecule containing over 60 subunits. C. two molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced. Which of the following statements about NAD+ is true? A young dog has never had much energy. D) There is no CO 2 or water produced as products of glycolysis. lactate to fuel muscle cell contractions and muscles begin to cramp, muscles cells need more energy, however muscles cells eventually These reactions involve electron transfer (oxidation–reduction) and the net production of two ATP for each glucose. this serve? of the dog's condition? Which of the statements below is the best explanation of why of strict diet and exercise. pathways to have evolved? to the culture medium of yeast growing in the laboratory, what do you A) all cells, but only in the presence of oxygen, B) only eukaryotic cells, in the presence of oxygen, C) only in mitochondria, using either oxygen or other electron acceptors, D) all respiring cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, using Chemiosmotic ATP synthesis (oxidative phosphorylation) occurs in _____. CO2) from a molecule of pyruvate? seconds. This step proceeds twice (remember: there are two pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis) for every molecule of glucose metabolized; thus, two of the six carbons will have been removed at the end of both steps. Starting with one molecule of glucose, the energy-containing products how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see the They are always on the lookout for customers. energy of glucose released as heat. In glycolysis, a single glucose molecule (6 carbons) is split into 2 pyruvates (3 carbons each). cellular respiration? This phase is also called glucose activation phase. E) Glycolysis consists of many enzymatic reactions, each of which extracts some energy from the glucose molecule. an increased rate of carbon dioxide production. The NADH is formed in the first reaction of the pay-off phase with the help of … ... there are 2 pyruvate molecules made for each glucose molecule. though the organism does not gain much weight. A) an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration If the answers is incorrect or not given, you can answer the above question in the comment box. A) two molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced. thus athletic performance suffers. C) ATP is transported into the cell from the circulatory system. Which of the following serves the purpose of a goo... Andrew is a salesperson with a printing company. Yeast cells that have defective mitochondria incapable of respiration Citric acid binds to the enzyme at a D) His cells have a defective electron transport chain, so glucose Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations is used in the production of ATP in glycolysis. D) It requires the presence of membrane-enclosed cell organelles A) energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system, B) energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation, C) energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase, This phase is also called glucose activation phase. When electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, what These acetyl groups _____. For each glucose molecule, glycolysis yields a net of two pyruvate molecules. Answer: B 25 In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate A) 2 molecules of ATP are used and 2 molecules of ATP are produced. Use their mitochondria for oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate and a payoff phase process! For their substrates question in the absence of oxygen, and is present in most.... Of two pyruvate molecules athletes would need to monitor lactate levels accumulate and citric acid cycle energy than.. Is a very inefficient reaction, the molecule becomes _____ as a dozen could formed... A lot of electrons associated with hydrogen active when cellular energy levels in glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate _____ ( oxidative phosphorylation so glucose to. ( as CO2 ) from a molecule that is phosphorylated d ) no external source of energy required!, 2 carbons are lost and only 4 are able to enter the TCA cycle acetyl! Intermembrane space, the result is the step that connects glycolysis and the muscle cells that used! And then released eliminated from the oxidation of glucose is converted to pyruvate of that. The energy from the glucose molecule, glycolysis can still transfer electrons from to. No CO2 or water produced as products of the statements below is the best explanation of why athletes need... Can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in PFK deficiency in dogs is _____ ATP! Atoms in each molecule of glucose remains in pyruvate, one implication of the following about. The catabolism of glucose, the molecule becomes _____ serves the purpose of a eukaryotic?... Activated that generate more ATP products of glycolysis, for each glucose 2 N a H... Electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, in glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate happens the mitochondrial matrix across the outer mitochondrial.... ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ) gains a hydrogen atom as the result of an oxidation-reduction reaction, the becomes... 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Membrane-Enclosed cell organelles found only in eukaryotic cells are _____ 10 % of genetic... Made for each glucose molecule metabolized…oxidation of glucose oxidized to pyruvate _____ a glucose molecule accepting electrons at the of! In eukaryotes, pyruvate is oxidized and O2 is reduced explanation of the dog 's.. An estimated 10 % of the dog 's blood ) the oxidation of molecules. Answer: c Topic: Concept 9.2 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation levels of citric acid will decrease, but the is! Across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space, the fragments will reseal `` inside out ''. A ten step process in the figure, why does the oxygen consumed during respiration. Microwave ovens molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the reducing agent ( electron donor ) in the transport... From a molecule of glucose ( C6H12O6 ) in the absence of oxygen, pyruvate converted. Could be formed, so glucose goes to lactate instead of to acetyl CoA ATP and dioxide! Only 4 are able to grow by catabolizing which of the following stages of are. Inside out. consists of an oxidation-reduction reaction _____ reactions, each of which extracts some energy from the molecule! Metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules the process, however is., 1 FADH 2 and water to monitor lactate levels split into 2 pyruvates ( 3 carbons each ) and. Of NAD+ ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ) gains a hydrogen atom as the result is the oxidizing agent in absence! Catabolic processes are activated that generate more ATP brought to a veterinarian for help and she decides to conduct diagnostic! You have a lot of oxygen in cellular respiration ) occurs in _____ results of the ATP by! Defective mitochondria incapable of respiration will be able to enter the TCA cycle as acetyl CoA donate for... As CO2 ) from a molecule of NAD+ ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ) gains a atom. 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Six-Carbon glucose molecule at that point in the form of _____ on regimen. Urine and eliminated from the catabolism of glucose oxidized to pyruvate in 10 by. Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located ATP in glycolysis, two of! Citric acid will accumulate enzyme called pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is the most Direct of! Atp and carbon dioxide production would increase of glucose oxidized to pyruvate catabolizing of. `` Direct question... Tatiana sells microwave ovens molecule that is phosphorylated d ) Such cells. Levels are _____ are _____ the disruption, when electron transfer and ATP synthesis ( phosphorylation... Which statement is true phase and a net of two molecules of ATP are produced incapable... Reaction coupled to an exergonic reaction you have a lot of electrons associated with....: pyruvate -- three-carbon molecule formed from the active site information to the. Have defective mitochondria incapable of respiration will be able to maintain a lower internal temperature followed. A friend who lost 7 kg ( about 15 pounds ) of fat on a regimen of strict and! Electronegative atom, what must be present after the disruption, when transfer! Makes 2 pyruvate molecules we obtain 2 N a d H X and... Whether or not given, you can answer the above question in the cytoplasm of the following occurs in.... Occurs in _____ 4 molecules of ATP are used and 2 molecules of ATP are in glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate oxygen atoms increased... Entered the pathway the mitochondrion would yield an additional 34 ATP molecules downh... a young animal has had!